HIV$95656$ - ترجمة إلى الهولندية
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HIV$95656$ - ترجمة إلى الهولندية

MULTIPLE STRAINS OF HIV IN ONE PERSON
Hiv superinfection; HIV Superinfection; HIV reinfection

HIV      
AIDSvirus
AIDS virus         
  • Diagram of the HIV virion
  • The [[phylogenetic tree]] of the SIV and HIV
  • Structure of the RNA genome of HIV-1
  • The HIV replication cycle
  • Diagram of the immature and mature forms of HIV
  • '''Mechanism of viral entry''': '''1.''' Initial interaction between gp120 and CD4. '''2.''' Conformational change in gp120 allows for secondary interaction with CCR5. '''3.''' The distal tips of gp41 are inserted into the cellular membrane. '''4.''' gp41 undergoes significant conformational change; folding in half and forming coiled-coils. This process pulls the viral and cellular membranes together, fusing them.
  • surface]] of an infected [[macrophage]]. The HIV virions have been marked with a green [[fluorescent tag]] and then viewed under a fluorescent microscope.
  • HIV RNA copies per mL of plasma}}
  • [[Clathrin-mediated endocytosis]]
  • A diagram of the HIV spike protein (green), with the fusion peptide epitope highlighted in red, and a broadly neutralizing antibody (yellow) binding to the fusion peptide
  • [[Reverse transcription]] of the HIV [[genome]] into [[double-stranded DNA]]
  • SIV]], the [[sooty mangabey]] source of [[HIV-2]], and the chimpanzee source of [[HIV-1]]
  • Animation demonstrating cell-free spread of HIV
HUMAN RETROVIRUS, CAUSE OF AIDS
Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Human immunodeficiency virus; HIV virus; HIV-positive; AIDS Virus; AIDS virus; HIV positive; Lymphadenopathy-Associated Virus; Lymphadenopathy Associated Virus; Lymphadenopathy-associated virus; Hiv antigens; Hiv infections; H.I.V.; Aids virus; Receptors, hiv; Hiv antibodies; HIV+; HIV-associated thrombocytopenia; HIV Disease; HIV therapy; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); HIV-modified bacterial infection of skin; HIV-modified viral infection of skin; HIV disease resulting in encephalopathy; HIV disease with malignant neoplasm; HIV disease with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; HIV disease resulting in other infectious or parasitic infections; HIV-modified infection/infestation of skin; Kaposi's sarcoma in HIV disease; The hiv; HIV virions; HIV virion; Anti-HIV medications; HIV treatment; Hiv; HIV antibody; HIV antibodies; HIV Infection; H.I.V; HIV-negative
de AIDS virus (ongeneeslijke ziekte die door bloed en sperma wordt overgebracht)
human immunodeficiency virus         
  • Diagram of the HIV virion
  • The [[phylogenetic tree]] of the SIV and HIV
  • Structure of the RNA genome of HIV-1
  • The HIV replication cycle
  • Diagram of the immature and mature forms of HIV
  • '''Mechanism of viral entry''': '''1.''' Initial interaction between gp120 and CD4. '''2.''' Conformational change in gp120 allows for secondary interaction with CCR5. '''3.''' The distal tips of gp41 are inserted into the cellular membrane. '''4.''' gp41 undergoes significant conformational change; folding in half and forming coiled-coils. This process pulls the viral and cellular membranes together, fusing them.
  • surface]] of an infected [[macrophage]]. The HIV virions have been marked with a green [[fluorescent tag]] and then viewed under a fluorescent microscope.
  • HIV RNA copies per mL of plasma}}
  • [[Clathrin-mediated endocytosis]]
  • A diagram of the HIV spike protein (green), with the fusion peptide epitope highlighted in red, and a broadly neutralizing antibody (yellow) binding to the fusion peptide
  • [[Reverse transcription]] of the HIV [[genome]] into [[double-stranded DNA]]
  • SIV]], the [[sooty mangabey]] source of [[HIV-2]], and the chimpanzee source of [[HIV-1]]
  • Animation demonstrating cell-free spread of HIV
HUMAN RETROVIRUS, CAUSE OF AIDS
Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Human immunodeficiency virus; HIV virus; HIV-positive; AIDS Virus; AIDS virus; HIV positive; Lymphadenopathy-Associated Virus; Lymphadenopathy Associated Virus; Lymphadenopathy-associated virus; Hiv antigens; Hiv infections; H.I.V.; Aids virus; Receptors, hiv; Hiv antibodies; HIV+; HIV-associated thrombocytopenia; HIV Disease; HIV therapy; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); HIV-modified bacterial infection of skin; HIV-modified viral infection of skin; HIV disease resulting in encephalopathy; HIV disease with malignant neoplasm; HIV disease with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; HIV disease resulting in other infectious or parasitic infections; HIV-modified infection/infestation of skin; Kaposi's sarcoma in HIV disease; The hiv; HIV virions; HIV virion; Anti-HIV medications; HIV treatment; Hiv; HIV antibody; HIV antibodies; HIV Infection; H.I.V; HIV-negative
aidsvirus

تعريف

HIV
¦ abbreviation human immunodeficiency virus, a retrovirus which causes Aids.

ويكيبيديا

HIV superinfection

HIV superinfection (also called HIV reinfection or SuperAIDS) is a condition in which a person with an established human immunodeficiency virus infection acquires a second strain of HIV, often of a different subtype. These can form a recombinant strain that co-exists with the strain from the initial infection, as well from reinfection with a new virus strain, and may cause more rapid disease progression or carry multiple resistances to certain HIV medications.

HIV superinfection may be interclade, where the second infecting virus is phylogenetically distinct from the initial virus, or intraclade, where the two strains are monophyletic.

People with HIV risk superinfection by the same actions that would place a non-infected person at risk of acquiring HIV. These include sharing needles and forgoing condoms with HIV-positive sexual partners. Cases have been reported globally and studies have shown the incidence rate to be 0–7.7% per year. Research from Uganda published in 2012 indicates that HIV superinfection among HIV-infected individuals within a general population remains unknown. Further research indicates that there have been 16 documented cases of superinfection since 2002.

If a person is infected with a second virus before seroconversion to the first virus has taken place, it is termed a dual infection. Infection with a second strain after seroconversion is known as superinfection.